Essay On Political Parties In India Essay

Posted in National Issues of India by Vijay Jaiswal On lordly 29, 2013. No comments In a modern democratic political system of India, with presidential terms based on parliamentary model, political parties are central to the working of the political system.Political parties in Indian Democracy fire up the as spokesman of organized interests. Thus a Political party system in India is an arranging of like minded people based to addher either to preserve and promote group interests or to promote a particular ideology. Usually every party seeks to promote some particular interest and ideology. The political party constantly seeks to capture political big businessmans to secure its ends. In a democracy, the party gets into power through elections.In a Parliamentary system such of India, the political party winning the absolute majority of seats in the Lower House of the Parliament forms the Government, while the caller or Parties failing to get the majority constitutes the oppos ition. Thus the Parliamentary government is always a Party government. It whitethorn be the government of a single party or it may be the government of a coalition of parties.The temperament of political party system in India was characterized by Morris Jhones as a dominant one party system. It means that India basically has a multi-party system but one among the many parties is dominant party and monopolizes governmental power. Since independence up to the 4th general election in 1947 this was precisely the picture. The Congress party was in power during all the twenty years from 1947-67 both at the centre and in the states with a shortened exception in Kerala in 1958. The 1967 elections saw the fall of the Congress monopoly in several states where unstable coalitions were established. The one-sixth General Election in 1977 witnessed the fall of the Congress at the centre. The Janata Government was established. But the Janata experiment briefly failed. For Janata was in reality an unstable coalition. The Congress gained back its power in 1980. Then there was a B.J.P. coalition government at the centre and in few states.On the basis of their influence and aspirations, parties in India fall into two categoriesAll India politicalparties andregional political parties.Thus the Congress (I) or the Jananta Dal or the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) are truly All India parties having some sort of influence throughout India and having All India aspirations. there are some other political parties which are professedly All India parties but their influence is hold to particular regions. They may be classed us regional parties with All India aspirations. The Communist Party of India (Marxist), the Communist Party of India, the Forward Block, the new Socialist Party (R.S.P) etc. fall into this category. The influence of the C.P.I. (M) for example is concentrated in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura.The regional political parties are those which are frankly regional in th eir aspirations accentuation their pagan or linguistic identities. The D.M.K. or the A.I.A.D.M.K. in Tamil Nadu, the Telugu Desham in Andhra, and the A.G.P. in Assam or the National concourse in Jammu and Kashmir fall into this category.There are also some frankly communal parties like the Shib Sena emphasizing their religious identity.On the basis of ideology, Indian parties may be classified into conservative, liberal democratic and new parties.The B.J.P. for example is a conservative party. The Janata Dal and the Congress are liberal democratic parties. The Communist Parties, the Revolutionary Socialist Party etc. are revolutionary parties seeking restructuring of the society along Marxian Lines, while the B.J.P. may be said to occupy the extreme right position in the political spectrum, the Congress, the Janata Dal point of view at the centre while the Communist Parties andthe R.S.P. occupy the extreme left position.