How to Run a Good Meeting :: essays research papers

How to Run a Good MeetingMost people dont the like meetings. They say they are boring, go on too long, and dont get anything done. And often thats the truth. So to have a tidy meeting, you necessitate to make it interesting, keep it on track, and make sure something gets done. here(predicate) are eight steps toward making your next meeting a success.1. Make sure you need to have a meeting. Meetings are needed when a conference of people must be involved in an action or a decision. Dont schedule a meeting just because its time to have one.2. Set a goal for the meeting. Be very clear about why youre having the meeting, and what needs to get done or be decided. Break that proletariat into steps, or divide the watchword into sectionsthats the agenda for your meeting. At the subtract of the meeting say, this is our goal, and if we can get this done, the meeting will be a success. At the end of the meeting remind them that you achieved your goal. This lets everyone leave feeling successful, and theyll be glad to come to your next meeting.3. Put decisions to the group. The participants own the meeting. Let them focalize the agenda before the meeting, or at least add to it when you begin. If decisions need to be made about the process (whether to end a discussion thats going too long, for example) then ask that question to the group.4. endure on schedule. Remember that every minute a person spends in your meeting, they could be doing other things. Theyre with you because theyve decided your meeting is important, so litigate them like their time is important. Start on time and end on time5. Pay attention to whats important. Set a authorized amount of time for each item on the agenda, based on how important it is. If the group starts spending a lot of time on details, ask them Is this what we want to spend our time talking about? A lot of details can be worked out by individuals or committeesmeetings are for the decisions that need to involve the whole grou p.6. Keep the meeting on track. Your agenda is the tool you use to make sure youre on time and on the right topic. When side issues come up, help the group get back on track. If the issue sounds important, check with the group.

Issues Surrounding the Trial Scene Within to Kill a Mockingbird Essay

This essay will identify guinea pigs alfresco of the primary theme of line of achievement that come to lighter during the court case in which turkey cock Robinson, a drab man, is effortled and convicted for raping Mayella E soundly. Throughout the endeavor, signifi enkindlet action occurs both inside and external the court room that draws attention to side-lined topics including the definition of heroism, the bolshie of blanched, class relations, and foretaste within fraternity. To Kill A Mockingbird was set in the 1930s, a turbulent decade extensionised by struggles between world powers, racial prepossess and frugal depression.The by and bymath of the Wall Street Crash in 1929 impact America particularly badly, and by the winter of 1932 they were in the depths of the greatest economic depression in their history. These historical events argon reflected in the sassy by the division within Maycombs society according to wealth and class, with families such(prenomi nal) as the Ewells epitomising the term white pan out and positioning at the bottom of the affable hierarchy. Furthermore, despite the American governments abolition of slavery in 1848, racism was as strong as eer in the Southern States.The black battalion were forced into racial requisition in schools, public transport and churches. Stemming from this racial prejudice comes a take aim of expectation that different people in society believe they essential adhere too as a result of the segregation and racial prejudice engrained into society. This is shadowed in the book by the minor casing of Dolphus Raymond, a drunken white man deemed an outsider by societies norms. each of the action that takes place within To Kill A Mockingbird is severe in the fictional county of Maycomb, which can be seen as a microcosm dissecting significant issues present in the wider Southern America.The streamlet in many shipway is the most important and dramatic sequence in the novel, as althou gh the streamlet targets Tom Robinson, in a metaphoric sense it is in event the entire county of Maycomb that argon on rivulet. Despite Toms conviction, the trial does show a small progression within Maycomb, with the jury fetching such a long time to make their decision constituting a sign of positive advancement in racial relations, with Miss Maudie stating its just a baby-step, but its a step. This step is achieved by the books definition of courage, embodied through the character of Mrs Dubose, a ying old muliebrity who embarks on the brave task of facing her addiction to morphine ahead reaching her end. According to Atticus, Mrs Duboses decision shows the possession of real courage when you know youre licked before you depart but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. It is this attitude that foreshadows and suitably describes Atticuss own approach to the Tom Robinson case. It is pass off in the novel that even before taking on Tom Robinsons case, th e lawyer knew that he would fail to acquit the criminate of his charges because of the rigid prejudicious outlook innate within Maycombs inhabitants.Thomas Shaffer, argues that Atticus shows us precisely that what matters in professional ethics is character rather than clean-living principle which is highlighted by Atticuss fights to prove Toms innocence to the community, even though he knows it will not be acted upon. While Atticus eventually loses the court case, it his courage and steely termination to see it through until the end that successfully reveals the injustice of a severalize society that confines the blacks to a coloured balcony. Furthermore, the involvement of the Ewell family in the trial also highlights issues of class relations within Maycomb County.The term white trash is a pejorative term particularly used in unpolished Southern America, to describe a collection of lower class people who live by degraded standards. The term suggests outcasts from a good fo r you(p) society living on the fringes of the social order who are seen as chancy because they may be of a criminal nature without respect for endorsement whether it be political, legal, or moral. The audience are aware from the beginning of the novel that the Ewell family epitomise white trash from Burrell Ewells refusal to go to school, and his ability to splinter the legal system.Moreover, their home behind the townspeople garbage dump in a tin-roofed cabin adheres to the characteristic of living on the outside of town and highlights their social and physical segregation from the more respectable members of the community. Their position at the bottom of the social hierarchy is substantiated by Mayella Ewells section of the trial the young girl believes that Atticus is trying to make a put one across of her by labelling her as Miss conveying her lack of social skills as a result of her familys failure to integrate into society.Moreover, the implication that curtsy Ewell abu ses his daughter creates a perception of him as being violent and criminal, two characteristics that are of course brought to light in the latter parts of the novel. Overall, this highlights that Maycomb County (and the wider South) are not just segregated by race, but also by class. The sad reality however, is that in the racist world of Maycomb, even the Ewells have the power to destroy an innocent man. This leads onto a further issue that is at stake throughout the trial the threat posed to innocence by evil. This theme is revealed primarily through the characters of Tom Robinson and Jem Finch.The audience are made aware that Tom is an innocent man who has been wrongfully accused of a crime he did not commit. This depicts the evil attack of social prejudice on an unoffending man, guilty only of the colour of his skin. Tom Robinson is not prepared for the evil that he encounters, and this consequently leads to his downfall. This concept colligate to the title of the book To Kill a Mockingbird, which highlights that to destroy someone innocent purely for existing, is a sin. Furthermore, the trial also focuses around the loss of innocence of Jem and his movement into adulthood, linking to the Bildungsroman theme within the novel.The Bildungsroman genre is an example of the access of age novel, and is evident in the novel from the childrens journey from ignorance to enlightenment. Hereby, Jem witnessing the rocky reality of life revealed by the trial is seen as a undeniable growth point that his character must go through in order to reach maturity, summarising the transition from a perspective of childhood innocence, to a more adult perspective in which Jem has confronted evil and must constitute it into his understanding of the world.This shift is apparent in the trial scene after Atticus reveals to the jury that Bob Ewell is a bumbling man, and that a left-handed man would be more likely to leave bruises on the well(p) side of a girls face. Jem, still clinging to his youthful illusions about life running(a) according to concepts of fairness, doesnt understand that his fathers efforts will be in vain, commenting Weve got him. After Tom is found to be guilty, Jems hopes are shattered as he cries over the injustice of the verdict. His emergence into a more adulthood perspective is highlighted by his conversation with Miss Maudie, where he reveals that he sed to think that the people of Maycomb were the best in the world, but having witnessed the trial, he doesnt think so anymore.Ultimately, a final issue brought to light amidst the action of the trial, is the levels of expectation that people are pressured by as a result of the class and racial issues present in Maycomb. Dolphus Raymonds attention at the trial is accompanied by Jems description of his cathode-ray oscilloscope that he is a drunk who had several children by a black woman even though he was from a rich and respectable family.As the prosecution begins to question Tom Robinson, the action is diverted from the judicature as Dill begins to cry resulting in Scout leading him outside where they encounter the mysterious character of Mr Raymond. It is revealed that he is in actual particular pretending to drink alcohol from the paper bag to provide the white people with an explanation for his lifestyle When I come to town if I weave a little and drink out of this sack, folks can say Dolphus Raymonds in the clutches of whiskeythats wherefore he wont change his ways. He cant help himself, thats why he lives the way he does.This highlights that Dolphus Raymond does superintend very much about what people think of him, and believes that by stereotyping himself as a drunk, the other members of Maycomb county will find his behaviour excusable. The significance of his character is to forefront the pressures that societys norms exhume on those who wish to be different Dolphus Raymond simply prefers black people to whites, just as the white community s imply dislike blacks with no valid explanation. In conclusion, it is clear that many other relevant issues to the time period occupy the trial at the heart of To Kill A Mockingbird as well as simply racial prejudice.

Commentary on ‘Daddy’ and ‘The Arrival of the Bee Box’ By Sylvia Plath Essay

Sylvia Plath was born(p) in 1932 to Otto Plath, a German immigrant and Aurelia Plath, an Ameri apprize of Austrian descent. She had a actually troubled demeanor, suffering extreme depression and emotional trauma forward she committed suicide in 1963 by putting her head into a gas oven. Most of her poesys reflect this distress and reveal the sorrows of her short life. The poems pop music and The arrival of the Bee concussion are both sad and gloomy poems which foreground m whatever aspects of her life and perhaps reason out why she was squeeze to kill herself.Both the poems are directly or indirectly cerebrate to the cardinal most important and influential men of Sylvias life- her get down, and her preserve Ted Hughes, who himself was a poet. She loved both men, but both of them dominated her and gave her disturb and misery which do her life unhappy. As the title suggests, the poem protactinium is primarily about her father, but many references are also made to Ted Hu ghes. The Arrival of the Bee Box is more about herself, but in malevolence of that the reader has to know the temperament of these two men to under bear out the poem completely and derive a meaning from it. Daddy highlights the relationship of Sylvia and her father.Sylvias father died when she was just ten. This was the time when she adored her father and his death meant a lot to her. But the poem shows the immense hatred she has towards him as she piecemeal realized how he oppressed her and dominated her life. To use the say soda water as the title of the poem is in a way wry because although the poem is about Sylvias father, the word doesnt fit in particularly well, as it is usually use in a confirming way, non in a pessimistic and dirty way. The poem has a lot of tomography, metaphors and similes which illustrates Sylvias anger towards her father and save and gives the poem a dark vestige.In the poem Sylvia has compared her father to a black raiment while has called herself a foot living in it for thirty years. normally a shoes job is to protect or nourish the foot, not to make it feel trapped and helpless. Her father was so authoritarian, that he made Sylvia feel just that. Although her father died when she was ten, she says that she lived like the foot for thirty years, barely daring to breathe or achoo. This shows that her fathers nature haunted her even after he died, as it left much(prenominal) a pro appoint and negative psychological mark on her.The word black can be related to death and makes us theorise of the shoe like a coffin. The idea of a coffin can also be related in the other poem, The Arrival of the Bee Box, when Sylvia calls the bee buffet a midgets coffin. Sylvias father was a zoology and bee expert, and so again we can notice how she has created a dark atmosphere with everything related to her father. On an abstract level, the bee box can be thought of as Sylvias brain and the bees as her thoughts. The idea of her thought s cosmos trapped inside a coffin shows how depressed and unhappy she is.The imagery of Daddy is very vivid and striking. Sylvia calls her father a Nazi as she writes, With your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo. And youre neat moustache and your Aryan eye, bright blue. She compares her father to Hitler, highlighting how cruel and heartless he was. She calls herself a Jew, indicating how he used his confidence to oppress her. Such thoughts make us refer to the Holocaust, in which Jews were tortured and killed by the German Nazis. Although Sylvia was dominated by her father, she has used a Hyperbole to describe the situation. According to me her father must not run through been as ruthless as Hitler. She has just used this comparison to speak her immeasurable hatred towards him.She has further developed images of her father by employment him a vampire-someone who doesnt kill a person, but haunts it all his life by sucking his blood. She is trying to say that although her father is dead , his character give torment her forever. The imagery of The Arrival of the Bee Box is also strong. We get a clear picture of the bees struggling in the dark box illustrating how Sylvia is persuasion and whimsy. We get a feeling that her thoughts are tormenting her and that she is in a sick of(p) state of mind. She compares her thoughts to a Roman Mob and says she is not Julius Caesar to control them. Although it is not mentioned, we know that Sylvia is in such a state of mind because of her illogical marriage with Ted Hughes. She might be feeling cheated as Ted Hughes left her for some other woman. She must be feeling insecure and lonely and cannot in any way run away from her thoughts.In Daddy Sylvia also says that she found her fathers resemblance in Ted Hughes, who also dominated her and stone-broke her heart. Here she compares their torture to the medieval methods of the rack and the screw which were cruel and bloody. The tone of the poem is of fear and a little bit of an ger, blaming her father and her husband for giving her such a horrid life and simultaneously feeling scared of all that has happened to her in the past. The tone of The Arrival of the Bee Box is different, as she is sort of blaming herself for what she thinks. She is agitated with herself because she cannot get rid of her negative thoughts.The last two stanzas of both the poems are very strong and demonstrate an attitude of king and authority from Sylvia. In daddy the tone changes from fear to anger when Sylvia says, Daddy, daddy, you bastard, Im through. One feels that she has overcome all her fears to finally stand up to her father and speak with confidence and fight back. In The Arrival of the Bee Box she shows that she has power when she says, Tomorrow I will be odorous God, I will set them free. But here she makes it a point to tell the reader that she will not misuse her authority like the way Otto Plath and Ted Hughes did. In the last line of the poem she says that the box is only temporary, showing that she will make an effort to remove those thoughts from her mind, which is a positive end to the poem.

Three Challenges That Might Arise When Writing a Paper

Poor inquiry skills, and choosing an interesting topic. To over find the vocabulary issue a thesaurus is helpful, for search skills, practice reading and read about galore(postnominal) different subjects. To come up with a good, interesting topic, brainstorm and film friends and classmates for input. Three challenges you whitethorn encounter while opus a story 1. Not sagaciousness the topic 2. Not well-read where to start 3.Not knowing how to make your paragraphs cohesive. I can give you ideas of some challenges that might arise when writing a paper, but we dont write essays or paragraphs for people here. approximately challenges that arise when writing are deciding on a thesis, decision a suitable amount of reputable sources, staying on topic throughout the paper, finding ones profess spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors, varying sentence social organisation in stray to make the paper flow, and staying on task.Some challenges include Not having a well volunta ry, Poor research skills, and choosing an interesting topic. To overcome the vocabulary issue a thesaurus is helpful, for research skills, practice reading and read about many different subjects. To come up with a good, interesting topic, brainstorm and ask friends and classmates for input. Three challenges you may encounter while writing a paper 1. Not understanding the topic 2. Not knowing where to start 3.Not knowing how to make your paragraphs cohesive. I can give you ideas of some challenges that might arise when writing a paper, but we dont write essays or paragraphs for people here. Some challenges that arise when writing are deciding on a thesis, finding a sufficient amount of reputable sources, staying on topic throughout the paper, finding ones own spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors, varying sentence structure in order to make the paper flow, and staying on task.

Analysis of the Social Responsibilities in Business

Social office is the concept that business is part of the big caller in which it exists and must on that pointfore act in a counselling that not only advances the firm, precisely as well serves the society. More than ever firms ar being ch eitherenged to flux social responsibilities in to their operations. Many firms like a shot conceptualize that social debt instrument to be a lot to a greater extent than granting gold to community groups or volunteering their time to organizations although these argon some(prenominal) serious ways that firms concentrate the community. Today, business leaders recognize that a consignment to in corporate social responsibility can nominate distinct improvement in attracting and retaining employees, dealing with suppliers and regulators, strengthening customer kindreds and providing coercive returns for investors.Let us pass on a look at some of the social responsibility issues and dissect how businesses are showing their s ocial responsibility.Around the world there are lots of surroundal concerns that challenge companies to be better world(a) citizens. ahead(p) companies know that taking a strong role in defend the environment improves the efficiency of operations and saves m unityy, making a positive feign on business partners, customers and investors. Let us see how socially answerable companies are responding to the environmental concerns.Delphi self-propelled Systems is dedicated to protecting pitying health, born(p) resources and the world(a) environment. For Delphi, a commitment to environmental management is a small business strategy. Delphi has certified 15 of its global manufacturing sites under ISO 14001, a global standard that recognizes facilities that pay off systems in place to proactively manage and lose weight their environmental impact. The company is working toward earning this certification for all 168 of its manufacturing facilities around the world oer the next three eld.John Jaffurs, director, Delphi environmental services, states, We want to formally integrate our environmental management into the goals of the business. Delphi is using ISO 14001 and other tools as a path of creating a total environmental management system. This will countenance us to integrate operational environmental issues directly into upcoming planning.Delphis elaboration in reducing the railroad machines environmental impact began more than 30 years past with the introduction of the first catalytic converters. Delphi deeds to reduce emissions, subjoin discharge economy, decrease vehicle mass and recruit the recyclability of its products. Delphi also believes that the drop-off or elimination of visibles can go far in serving the environment.Delphis E-STEER galvanizing occasion Steering reduces the number of seals and totally eliminates the bureau manoeuver fluid, hoses and handle from the power steering system. In 1995, 75 pct of all cars interchange ( approximately 27 zillion) were equipped with traditional power steering and carried an estimated 40 million liters of hydraulic fluid. This new technology can result in a significant reduction in raw materials, which means slight material to recycle or dispose after the life of the product. E-STEER also reduces zipper demand by up to 80 percent, resulting in modify supply economy and reduced vehicle emissions.E-STEER receive the 1999 PACE (Premier Automotive Suppliers share of Excellence) award from Automotive News and Ernst & Young LLP, which recognizes automobile suppliers who finish up excelled in adapting and reinventing their companies and their products to meet the growing demands of their customers &8212 the worlds major(ip) automotive manufacturers. E-STEER is moreover one example of the some innovative product technologies Delphi can laissez passer to provide environmental solutions to its customers.According to the American Lung Association, motor vehicle emissions compute for approximately 77percent of the carbon monoxide (CO), more than 35.6 percent of the fickle innate compounds (including hydrocarbons) and around 45 percent of the nitrogen oxides (NOx) in our nations air.With this in mind, car manufacturers like GM, cross and Honda are now producing and marketing cleaner-burning cars ply by electric automobileity, exchange fuels or a combination of the two. Environmentalists like to stir to these as green cars because they gibe an environmentally responsible way to strike in style. Politicians, on the other hand, throw away begun to see the potential for addressing large issues. earliest this year, Representative Robert T. Matsui (D-CA) introduced legislation that would give up to $5,000 per year in consumer valuate credits to people with green cars. With this in mind, GM came up with its environment friendly EV1, crossbreeding with its Ranger and Honda with its Insight.The Tennessee valley means (TVA), the natio ns largest electrical expertness producer, has announced that it will begin riddle-marketing alternative cogency sources as proto(prenominal) as next year. As phase one of the TVAs special K powerfulness Program, the test will utilize wind, solar and landfill gas energy sources to amaze roughly three to six megawatts of power. Eight distributors, representing all vii of the Tennessee Valley Public Power Associations districts, have agreed to participate in the test. If the test is successful, TVA customers could see full-scale implementation by the end of 2003. The ballpark Power Program is the first of its kind in the Southeast.In colligate news, the TVA received word June 18 that the Department of Energy (DOE) has approved a design from the Virginia Alliance for Solar galvanicity (VASE) to provide matching backup for the verdancy Power Program. The TVAs marketing plan for special K Power represents the fruits of an alternate energy initiative that began in January 1 998. At that time, the TVA solicited and received 22 proposals for adding renewable electrical energy generators to its energy production facilities. Initial research also revealed that 84 percent of TVA customers favored a green power option.In the draw of 1998, the TVA held seven-spot public forums that further confirmed the need for a Green Power. Participants intromit several members of the environmental community, utility executives, energy experts, healthcare organizations and representatives from citizens groups. later the forums, the TVA make the multi-interest team that was eventually responsible for the 2000 test-marketing plan.As the association of U.S. shareholder-owned electric utilities, Edison Electric Institute (EEI) works with key s impressholder groups, including regulators, legislators and member companies, to achieve environmental excellence.EEIs clime Challenge scheduleme is a voluntary effort arrive atd in coalition with the Department of Energy in re sponse to concerns about global mode change, says spokesman Jim Owen. To date, more than 600 electric utilities participate in the program, which means they have pledge to seclude or avoid 170 million system of measurement slews of carbon dioxide and other babys room gases in the year 2000. This is more than foursome times the original goal established by the political relation in 1993.While some Climate Challenge efforts are undertaken by mortal utilities, there are five industry-wide initiatives in place as well. These include Envirotech Investment Funds, which provide venture capital for emerging renewable technologies the good Forest Carbon Management program, which funds tree position and timbre management projects the National Earth Comfort Program, which promotes geothermal love pumps EV America, which introduces electric vehicles into the marketplace and Inter study Utility Efficiency Partner-ships, which support enounce projects with foreign utilities and gove rnments to provide efficiency of new or real power systems.According to the Department of Energys Energy Information Administration, electric utilities represent to the racyest degree 85 percent of the voluntary actions to reduce, avoid or sequester greenhouse gases. In addition, electric utilities have made significant progress in restoring aquatic habitats, protecting endangered species and generating renewable energy, says OwenBridging the gap among give lessons and work is another critical link that companies are rivet on. The theme organization Jobs for the Future (JFF) was founded in 1983 to help manipulate tomorrows workforce and unperturbed the transition from school to work.Fords Contribution in exploitation tomorrows workforceFord Foundation, is an initiative that seeks to create a measured ontogeny in jobs, wealth, services and other community infrastructure finished increase corporate involvement in community economical development. JFF works with the initi atives many partners, whose collective experience and expertise cover community and economic development, national and international business and fosterage to achieve these goals. One of JFFs major corporate partners is the Ford Motor Company. The two organizations have developed a relationship in which they exchange expertise and experience that allow both to enhance their individual programs.In todays rapidly changing economy, schools alone cannot in effect prepare young people for a successful future, explains Hilary Pennington, president of Jobs for the Future. academic standards are only part of the equation. Young people need the guess to cave in what theyve visited to new situations, and what happens in the real world is strenuous to assume in school. We try to build partnerships surrounded by companies and schools to give kids opportunities to exposit their acquisition experience. The Ford program is a splendid example of this fiber of partnership.Ford has created several innovative education initiatives that are helping us create a pipeline &8212 for employees and suppliers, as well as a consumer ass for our products, says Renee Lerche, director, workforce development, Ford Motor Company. For example, the Ford Academy of Manufacturing Sciences (FAMS) is an academic- and work-based program in public high schools. The programs goals are to provide students the opportunity to learn science, math, technology and communications skills in real-life settings and encourage them to pursue secondary education. Ford trains high school teachers, who teach the manufacturing-oriented courses to eleventh or 12th notice students (participants take two courses through Ford each year). An internship during the summer between 11th and 12th grade provides work experience as well.The program serves as a way not only to attract future employees to Ford, says Lerche, but also as a way to draw customers for its cars and trucks. We dont have concrete evidence that if you do these things, people buy your products. However, these activities do square off erudition of our commitment to the communities in which we do business, says Lerche.Issues such as environmental protection, education and community support are critical to companies that want to attract the commit and loyalty of their constituents. The companies profiled here understand that corporate social responsibility offers clear business benefits for all stakeholders.Analysis of the Social Responsibilities in condescensionSocial responsibility is the concept that business is part of the larger society in which it exists and must therefore act in a way that not only advances the firm, but also serves the society. More than ever firms are being challenged to integrate social responsibilities in to their operations. Many firms now believe that social responsibility to be a lot more than granting money to community groups or volunteering their time to organizations although these are both important ways that firms support the community. Today, business leaders recognize that a commitment to corporate social responsibility can provide distinct advantage in attracting and retaining employees, dealing with suppliers and regulators, strengthening customer relationships and providing positive returns for investors.Let us take a look at some of the social responsibility issues and analyze how businesses are showing their social responsibility.Around the world there are lots of environmental concerns that challenge companies to be better global citizens. Leading companies know that taking a strong role in protecting the environment improves the efficiency of operations and saves money, making a positive impact on business partners, customers and investors. Let us see how socially responsible companies are responding to the environmental concerns.Delphi Automotive Systems is dedicated to protecting human health, natural resources and the global environment. For Delphi, a commitment to environmental management is a critical business strategy. Delphi has certified 15 of its global manufacturing sites under ISO 14001, a global standard that recognizes facilities that have systems in place to proactively manage and reduce their environmental impact. The company is working toward earning this certification for all 168 of its manufacturing facilities around the world over the next three years.John Jaffurs, director, Delphi environmental services, states, We want to formally integrate our environmental management into the goals of the business. Delphi is using ISO 14001 and other tools as a means of creating a total environmental management system. This will allow us to integrate operational environmental issues directly into future planning.Delphis involvement in reducing the automobiles environmental impact began more than 30 years ago with the introduction of the first catalytic converters. Delphi works to reduce emissions, increase fuel economy, dec rease vehicle mass and enhance the recyclability of its products. Delphi also believes that the reduction or elimination of materials can go far in helping the environment.Delphis E-STEER Electric Power Steering reduces the number of seals and totally eliminates the power steering fluid, hoses and pump from the power steering system. In 1995, 75 percent of all cars sold (approximately 27 million) were equipped with traditional power steering and carried an estimated 40 million liters of hydraulic fluid. This new technology can result in a significant reduction in raw materials, which means less material to recycle or dispose after the life of the product. E-STEER also reduces energy demand by up to 80 percent, resulting in improved fuel economy and reduced vehicle emissions.E-STEER received the 1999 PACE (Premier Automotive Suppliers Contribution of Excellence) award from Automotive News and Ernst & Young LLP, which recognizes automobile suppliers who have excelled in adapting an d reinventing their companies and their products to meet the growing demands of their customers &8212 the worlds major automotive manufacturers. E-STEER is just one example of the many innovative product technologies Delphi can offer to provide environmental solutions to its customers.According to the American Lung Association, motor vehicle emissions account for approximately 77percent of the carbon monoxide (CO), more than 35.6 percent of the volatile organic compounds (including hydrocarbons) and around 45 percent of the nitrogen oxides (NOx) in our nations air.With this in mind, car manufacturers like GM, Ford and Honda are now producing and marketing cleaner-burning cars powered by electricity, alternate fuels or a combination of the two. Environmentalists like to refer to these as green cars because they represent an environmentally responsible way to travel in style. Politicians, on the other hand, have begun to see the potential for addressing larger issues. Earlier this yea r, Representative Robert T. Matsui (D-CA) introduced legislation that would give up to $5,000 per year in consumer tax credits to people with green cars. With this in mind, GM came up with its environment friendly EV1, Ford with its Ranger and Honda with its Insight.The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), the nations largest electricity producer, has announced that it will begin test-marketing alternative energy sources as early as next year. As phase one of the TVAs Green Power Program, the test will utilize wind, solar and landfill gas energy sources to generate roughly three to six megawatts of power. Eight distributors, representing all seven of the Tennessee Valley Public Power Associations districts, have agreed to participate in the test. If the test is successful, TVA customers could see full-scale implementation by the end of 2003. The Green Power Program is the first of its kind in the Southeast.In related news, the TVA received word June 18 that the Department of Energy (DO E) has approved a proposal from the Virginia Alliance for Solar Electricity (VASE) to provide matching funding for the Green Power Program. The TVAs marketing plan for Green Power represents the fruits of an alternate energy initiative that began in January 1998. At that time, the TVA solicited and received 22 proposals for adding renewable electricity generators to its energy production facilities. Initial research also revealed that 84 percent of TVA customers favored a green power option.In the fall of 1998, the TVA held seven public forums that further confirmed the need for a Green Power. Participants included several members of the environmental community, utility executives, energy experts, healthcare organizations and representatives from citizens groups. After the forums, the TVA formed the multi-interest team that was eventually responsible for the 2000 test-marketing plan.As the association of U.S. shareholder-owned electric utilities, Edison Electric Institute (EEI) work s with key stakeholder groups, including regulators, legislators and member companies, to achieve environmental excellence.EEIs Climate Challenge program is a voluntary effort created in partnership with the Department of Energy in response to concerns about global climate change, says spokesman Jim Owen. To date, more than 600 electric utilities participate in the program, which means they have pledged to sequester or avoid 170 million metric tons of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the year 2000. This is more than four times the original goal established by the government in 1993.While some Climate Challenge efforts are undertaken by individual utilities, there are five industry-wide initiatives in place as well. These include Envirotech Investment Funds, which provide venture capital for emerging renewable technologies the Utility Forest Carbon Management program, which funds tree planting and forest management projects the National Earth Comfort Program, which promot es geothermal heat pumps EV America, which introduces electric vehicles into the marketplace and International Utility Efficiency Partner-ships, which support joint projects with foreign utilities and governments to provide efficiency of new or existing power systems.According to the Department of Energys Energy Information Administration, electric utilities represent almost 85 percent of the voluntary actions to reduce, avoid or sequester greenhouse gases. In addition, electric utilities have made significant progress in restoring aquatic habitats, protecting endangered species and generating renewable energy, says OwenBridging the gap between school and work is another critical link that companies are focusing on. The national organization Jobs for the Future (JFF) was founded in 1983 to help prepare tomorrows workforce and smooth the transition from school to work.Fords Contribution in developing tomorrows workforceFord Foundation, is an initiative that seeks to create a measurab le increase in jobs, wealth, services and other community infrastructure through increased corporate involvement in community economic development. JFF works with the initiatives many partners, whose collective experience and expertise cover community and economic development, national and international business and education to achieve these goals. One of JFFs major corporate partners is the Ford Motor Company. The two organizations have developed a relationship in which they exchange expertise and experience that allow both to enhance their individual programs.In todays rapidly changing economy, schools alone cannot effectively prepare young people for a successful future, explains Hilary Pennington, president of Jobs for the Future. Academic standards are only part of the equation. Young people need the chance to apply what theyve learned to new situations, and what happens in the real world is hard to simulate in school. We try to build partnerships between companies and schools to give kids opportunities to expand their learning experience. The Ford program is a splendid example of this type of partnership.Ford has created several innovative education initiatives that are helping us create a pipeline &8212 for employees and suppliers, as well as a consumer base for our products, says Renee Lerche, director, workforce development, Ford Motor Company. For example, the Ford Academy of Manufacturing Sciences (FAMS) is an academic- and work-based program in public high schools. The programs goals are to provide students the opportunity to learn science, math, technology and communications skills in real-life settings and encourage them to pursue secondary education. Ford trains high school teachers, who teach the manufacturing-oriented courses to 11th or 12th grade students (participants take two courses through Ford each year). An internship during the summer between 11th and 12th grade provides work experience as well.The program serves as a way not only to attract future employees to Ford, says Lerche, but also as a way to draw customers for its cars and trucks. We dont have concrete evidence that if you do these things, people buy your products. However, these activities do influence perception of our commitment to the communities in which we do business, says Lerche.Issues such as environmental protection, education and community support are critical to companies that want to gain the trust and loyalty of their constituents. The companies profiled here understand that corporate social responsibility offers clear business benefits for all stakeholders.

Improving Eye Care Rural India

How private entrepreneurship is winning lumber heart solicitude to the cracker-barrel multitudesIntroductionCATARACT refers to the clouding of the lens in the human oculus, imp achievementing fantasy. 1 In the under(a)developed universe, cataract is the cause for sightlessness in more(prenominal) or less half the red- art population i.e. 50 % of the recorded figure of blindness illustrates. 2 While jobs of unavailability pertain to blight approximately(prenominal) parts of the underdeveloped universe virtu wholey two-thirds of the population in some(prenominal) developing deposits be unable to addition quality medical checkup resources &038 A substructure chiefly because quality medical management or oculus attention in this instance is silent urban-centric 3 all hope is non lost yet.In India excessively, where 90 % of the instances be treatable, most Indians lack admission to quality oculus attention. 4 In the former(a) 1990s, the state was home to a 3rd of the universe s sand-blind people and here excessively cataract sightlessness was the major cause in most instances. The World bound decided to step in and do the Indian authorities trade with the job, passing $ 144.8 single million million million between 1994 and 2002 on the Cataract cecity mastery Project under which 15.3 million oculus surgeries were performed. 5 The World Bank- bloodlineed undertaking was mostly imposeed in northern India and it helped be intimate down the incidence of cataract, in the provinces that were covered under this undertaking, by half. al whiz India is a real large state and it decidedly jam a more sustown(prenominal)able attack to covering with cataract sightlessness inclined that it has a ample ageing population. One such attack is the Aravind pump handle corpse, a iii-decade of age(predicate) run that has been contending cataract sightlessness preponderantly in the southerly Indian province of Tamil Nadu. Working in the same focusing is the L V Prasdad core Institue, runing from the neighboring province of Andhra Pradesh. Both Aravind and LVPEI, frame-up in the mid 1970s and the mid 1980s severally, have been pore on taking quality oculus attention to the countrified multitudes from the really initiatory, most of it free of equal.In the larger context, this stem discusses how private entrepreneurship is taking quality Eye heraldic bearing to the untaught multitudes in India. This paper bequeath discourse the Eye C be livery hypothetic sum up aimed at contending Cataract Blindness in the context of the Culture-Centered Approach ( CCA ) . The Culture-Centered Approach advoates greater engagment with the topical anaesthetic civilization, through duologues with confederacy members , to guarantee just and accessible wellness tutelage across communities ( Dutta-Bergman, 2004a, 2004b Dutta and Basu 2007 as quoted in Dutta, 2008 ) . Furthermore, this paper will utilize the extended Techn ology-Community-Management ( TCM ) suppositional write up ( Chib &038 A Komathi, 2008 ) to explicate the intersections between engineering, participation and the guidance of information communication engineerings ( ICT ) in the context of the CCA and the Eye Cargon bringing theoretical account adopted by the private wellness fretting participants i.e. the non-govern mental administrations ( NGOs ) . Harmonizing to the TCM theoretical account ( Lee &038 A Chib, 2008 ) , the intersection of ICT features of engineering, along with the dimensions of sheaf and hardw ar, undertaking direction dimensions of fiscal demands, the regulative environment, and stakeholder engagement, along with local company of interests engagement will finally take to sustainable ICTD intercessions. Culture-Centered Approachglobalization has led to an increasing realization that the Biomedical 6 theoretical account of health dole out is limited in range when prosecuting in forces of planetary well ness ( Dutta, 2008 ) . Furthermore, Dutta ( 2008 ) says that many societies now feel the demand to open up the unlimiteds of wellness communicating to the voices of cultural communities i.e. there is now greater awarness of the demand for disclose action with marginalised communities.Culture is dynamic. That civilization has an of import work on to play in wellness communicating is better understood today. But this construct began pulling general attending notwithstanding in the early 1980s, particularly in the U.S. when health make do practicians felt a demand to follow multiple schemes to subprogram to the health-related issues of a multicultural population ( Dutta, 208 ) . This helped oppugn the universalist premises of versatile wellness communicating plans aimed at the developing states and the so called third-world states ( Dutta, 2008 ) .The Culture-Centered Approach was born(p) out of the demand to oppose the dominant attack of wellness communicating, manage within the Biomedical theoretical account, where wellness is treated as a universal construct ground on Eurocentric 7 apprehensions of health-related issues, dis tranquillise and the hindrance of diseases ( Dutta, 2008 ) .Harmonizing to Dutta ( 2008 ) , the CCA is a better alternate to understanding wellness communicating because it is a value-centered attack. The CCA is built on the impression that the significances of wellness can non be cosmopolitan because they are ingrained within cultural contextsm, he argues.The CCA has its roots in three cardinal constructs i.e. structure , deputation and grow . The term refinement refers to the local context within which so called wellness significances are created and dealt with. social organization encompasses nutrient, shelter, medical function and transportational services that are all critical to the general health finagle of various members of a community. Agency superlatives to the capacity of cultural memb ers to negociate the constructions within which they live. It must be noted that structure , agency and culture and entwined and they do non run in isolation.Dutta ( 2008 ) , in his book communication health, further elaborates that the CCA throws visible radiation on how the dominant health frightfulness political orientation course serves the demands of those in power. Powerful members of friendship create conditions of marginalistaion. thusly the focal point of the CCA lies in the survey of the intersections between structure, agency and culture in the context of marginalised communities. To understand better the jobs faced by the marginalised, the CCA advocates the health care practicians engage in duologues with members of the businessed community. Each community has its ain set of narratives to portion and this is critical to understanding the local civilization. The CCA likewise aims to muniment electrical resistance, of any sort, to dominant political orientat ions as this helps beef up the instance of the CCA against the dominant health care theoretical account. The CCA, harmonizing to Dutta ( 2008 ) , provides sufficient range to take apart physician-patient relationships, in a command to finally better the health care bringing theoretical account. Adopting the CCA is merely half your job solved the integrate of the CCA with the extensive TCM theoretical account completes the image.The Extended TCM computer simulationThe TCM theoretical account ( Lee &038 A Chib, 2008 ) argues that the larger research of societal sustainability depends on two local relevancy and institutional support. The TCM exampleproposes that the intersection of ICT features of engineering, along with the dimensions of parcel of land and hardware, undertaking direction dimensions of fiscal demands, the regulative environment, and stakeholder engagement, along with local community engagement, will finally take to sustainable ICTD intercessions ( See shape 1.1 ) .Figure 1.1 The TCM Model.The TCM theoretical account was further revised. Community was subdivided to include manners of possession of ICT investings and net incomes preparation of community users both in the usage and in engineering direction and the basic demands of the community. Furthermore, Sustainability was besides subdivided into fiscal and societal ( devour Figure 1.2 ) .RTCM.jpgFigure 1.2 The Revised TCM ModelChib &038 A Komathi ( 2009 ) found that the TCM Model was unequal as it could non analyze the critical issue of exposure. Therefore, their survey meliorate on this insufficiency by adding important factors and variables associating to exposure. They extended the TCM theoretical account, and called it the Extended Technology-Community-Management ( Extended TCM ) theoretical account ( see Figure1.3 ) .Figure 1.3 The Extended TCM ModelThis new model on ICT planning histories for community engagement, the direction genes, the overall design of engineerings s uch as telemedicine or tele-consultation, and rating of bing exposures in the community where these engineerings are implemented. It identifies four dimensions of exposures act uponing engineering execution among the arcadian vile economic exposure, informational exposure, physiological/psychological exposure, and socio-cultural exposure.Chib &038 A Komathi ( 2009 ) farther explain all(prenominal) dimension of exposure Physiological and psychological exposures refer to the physical and mental wellbeing of an affected individual, or a specific community. Informational exposure trades with the entree to and handiness of information within affected communities. Informational resources include soulfulnessal paperss, books and critical informations, sentiment leaders and professional experts, . The deficiency of such resources affects the capablenesss of people who are dependent on them. In a awkward scenery, informational exposure is farther augmented by the low literacy degrees and deficiency of pertinent technological accomplishments needful to enable the acquisition and processing of information. The economic exposure is sparked off by the loss of support i.e. a loss of activities that separatewise financially corroborate up families and prolong economic growing in a farming(prenominal) scene. The socio-cultural exposure of communities is determined by the construction and values of a given society that define human relationships in communities. Hierarchies in any society ( gender, race, faith, caste, age and category equalitarianism within communities ) or a community frequently dictate entree to resources and assets, and the decision-making power of people.Cataract Blindness in IndiaAt the beginning, one has to understand the agonies of the blind in India, in a rural scene sightlessness, irrespective of the cause, consequences in a loss of support for an person. In rural India, uniform elsewhere, this would interpret into one less gaining mem ber in the household, doing the unsighted individual a load to his/her household. This leads to a loss of vainglory and position in the household. In consequence, blind people in rural India, like in many some other societies, are marginalized. Enter Aravind and LVPEI, who continue to endeavor to wait on blind people in rural India and discharge them by giving them back their sight.There are many causes of sightlessness, like Diabetes for case. But Cataract is one of the prima causes of sightlessness in the underdeveloped universe. Records in India show that Cataract is the most important cause of sightlessness in the state ( Nirmalan et al. 2002 &038 A Murthy et Al. 2001 ) . Cataract, studies say, is responsible for 50 to 80 per cent of the bilaterally blind ( Thulsiraj et al. 2003 &038 A Thulsiraj et Al. 2002 ) .The older are more at hazard of developing Cataract.India aims to extinguish gratis(p) sightlessness by 2020 in line with slew 2020 the right to spy enterprise , launched jointly by the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) and the International Agency for Pr level(p)tion of Blindness ( IAPB ) . Many administrations world(a) are besides working in the way of extinguishing uncalled-for sightlessness ( Foster, 2001 ) . The authorities in India and the World Bank launched the Cataract Blindness Control Project in seven provinces across India in 1994.A A From tenia point to 1.2 million cataract surgeries a yr in the 1980s ( Minassian &038 A Mehra 1990 ) , Cataract surgical end product tripled to 3.9 million per twelvemonth by 2003 ( Jose, 2003 ) .In 2004, World Health Organization ( WHO ) information showed that there was a 25 per cent lessening in blindness prevalence in India ( Resnikoff et al. 2004 ) &8212 the cause ( s ) could be the addition in Cataract surgeries countrywide. But there is a larger job here, that of population growing. The elderly population in India ( those aged over 60 old ages ) population which stood at 56 million peo ple in the twelvemonth 1991 is expected to duplicate by the twelvemonth 2016 ( Kumar, 1997 ) . This greying of India s population merely suggests that the figure of people at-risk of developing Cataract is eer on the rises.In the larger sense, this paper aims to demo how private entrepreneurship in India is taking quality oculus attention to the rural multitudes in that state. This paper aimed to discourse the same through two instance surveies, that of the Aravind Eye Care system all bit good as the L V Prasad Eye Institute ( LVPEI ) . Unfortunately, e spot correspondence with LVPEI failed to arouse responses from this presidency. addn the restrictions of this survey, including newspaper clipping restraints, this paper will explicate the Aravind Eye Care system in the context of rural Eye Care in India and the battle against Cataract Blindness all this within the model of the CCA.Furthermore, this paper will review the concern theoretical account of NGOs like Aravind in the context of the Extended TCM theoretical account, including whether for-profit administrations are utilizing the rural multitudes to back up their concern theoretical account. In peculiar, what is the proceed of the health care supplier in this instance give out cognition to the grass-roots or live-off their health care bringing theoretical account?Aravind Eye CareDr. G. Venkataswamy had a really simple vision when he foremost setup Aravind Eye Care in 1976 Eradicate gratuitous sightlessness at least in Tamil Nadu, his place province, if non in the full state of India. Aravind began as an 11-bed private clinic in the laminitis s brother s house in the southern Indian urban center of Madurai. Today, the Aravind Eye Hospital ( AEH ) at Madurai is a 1,500 bed infirmary. In tag on to Madurai, there are four more AEHs in Tamil Nadu ( Aravind.org ) with a combined sum of over 3,500 beds. By 2003 the Aravind Eye Care System as we know it today was up and running. The System continue s to run under the auspices of a non-profit-making trust named the Govel Trust it comprises of a manufacture installation ( for fabricating man-made lenses, suturas, and pharmaceuticals related to oculus attention ) oculus infirmaries way and preparation ( graduate institute of ophthalmology ) research installations ( complete with an oculus vernacular ) ) and a centre for community outreach plans ( Prahlad, 2004 ) .A typical 24 hours at Aravind now has physicians executing about 1,000 surgeries including free surgeries 5-6 outreach cantonments in rural countries where about 1,500 people are examined and near to 300 people are brought to an AEH for oculus cognitive operation ( TED, 2009 ) .How does Aravind make it?The administration has setup vision centres or clinics in distant blue towns, fitted with basic oculus attention equipment. Each clinic is man by an ophthalmic helper and these clinics perform basic scrutinies order disciplinal lenses and handle minor compl aints. If an oculus complaint can be healed by the application of oculus beads, these clinics are equipped to make so. For more complicated instances, such as Cataract Blindness, the patient consults an eye doctor based at an AEH in a nearby metropolis via the videoconferencing fashion. If the patient needs disciplinary cognitive process, he/she is asked to skip onto a coach waiting impertinent the vision Centre that takes them to the nearest Aravind basal infirmary. The patients are operated upon the undermentioned twenty-four hours they spend a twenty-four hours in post-operative attention and so take a coach back to their down in the mouth towns &8212 all free of cost ( Laks, 2009 ) . 8 But it was nt all gung-ho in the beginning more ticklish work than anything else. There was no specific Outreach police squad. A Everyone in the kitten was asked to take part in Outreach programme. A In the beginning ( in 1976-77 ) Dr. V and a little squad would see small towns and b ehaviour oculus testing cantonments. Those who required Cataract surgery would so be counsel to see the base infirmary for surgery. But Dr.V found that a peck of those advised to undergo surgery would dropout, owing to socio-economic factors like fright of surgery deficiency of trust on Restoration of sight no bills to pass for conveyance, nutrient and station operative medical attention and ( their ) opposition to western medical differentiation, harmonizing to the caput of Outreach activities at Aravind, R. Meenakshi Sundaram in his electronic mail response to my questions.These barriers were bit by bit addressed through various schemes. We decided to affect small town heads and local organisations to take possession of the Outreach programmes, in footings of placing the right location for the Eye Camp and supplying the necessary support installations. Their aid was cardinal to community mobilisation. We organized a squad to standardise the quality in Eye Care service br inging. Furthermore, Dr. V focussed his attending on edifice infirmaries like one s place where we usually expect basic civilization and values, state Mr. Sundaram. concern of surgery was a everyday barrier in add-on to other factors. Possibly the credence for surgery was low in the beginning. But it was eer explained at the community degree whenever cantonments were organized as the programme aims to function people at big. Particularly, in the twelvemonth 1992 the Intra Ocular Lens ( IOL ) was introduced and the rural community did non believe in holding a foreign mite in their eyes. We came across a batch of myths. Those issues were addressed thru guidance, added Mr. Sundaram.Recognizing the impact of guidance, a cell was developed within the System in 1992 and seven counselors were proficient in the first batch of counselors preparation. They were given a basic orientation about common oculus jobs with a particular focal point on IEC. Patient counselors i.e. patients w ho had undergone oculus surgery were asked to assist the Outreach squad. They played their function in explicating oculus jobs in the local linguistic communication and move to assist others recognize the effects of neglecting to accept surgery. Sing the myths, a breathing IOL was used as instruction stuff to assist the rural common people understand the construct of the IOL, Mr Sundaram said. The figure of counselors has steadily risen of all time since and stands at 179 at nowadays.How is the Aravind Eye Care System likely?Fiscal self-sustainability was the primary focal point from twenty-four hours one at Aravind. Initially, the organisation was given a grant by the authorities to assist subsidise the intervention costs for oculus cantonment patients ( Prahlad, 2004 ) and the Govel Trust besides pledged belongingss to raise money from Bankss in the early yearss. Prahlad ( 2004 ) states that the Madurai AEH, the first, was ever self-supporting every bit far as repeating outgo s were concerned. Within the first five old ages of operation, the Madurai AEH had accumulated excess grosss for farther development and for the build of four other infirmaries in the Tamil Nadu province. He adds that over the old ages, the patient grosss generated from its five infirmaries located in five metropoliss finance the Aravind Eye Care System to a great extent. Furthermore, Aravind has besides taken to the management-contract path and it manages two infirmaries outside of its home-state.While metropolis common people are aerated market rates for each consultancy and for surgery, patients in distant small towns pay merely Rs. 20 for three consultancies or SGD 0.60. ( TED, 2009 ) . Those who can pass to pay, the urban common people who visit Aravind s infirmaries in urban locations on their ain, do non acquire discounted rates. Such a system of cross-subsidies ensures that merely 45 percent wage while the counterweight are non charged at all i.e. about five out of every 10 patients examined at Aravind can be provided free oculus attention, including oculus surgery ( TED, 2009 ) . A cross-subsidising fiscal theoretical account is non the lone mantra 9 to Aravind s success. Having been in the concern of presenting quality Eye Care for over three decennaries now, the System is well-positioned to leverage on the Aravind brand-name to pull contributions. Over the old ages, the organisation has received international acknowledgment for its work and this includes the 2008 Gates Award for globular Health, and this twelvemonth s Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Prize that carries a US $ 1.5 million hard currency award.Last but non the least is the money that flows into Aravind in the signifier of specific project-funding. One such patron is the London-based Seeing Is accept ( SiB ) Trust, a coaction between Standard charter Bank and the International Agency for Prevention of Blindness ( IAPB ) . Since 2003, Seeing is Believing has magnanimous from a staf f enterprise to raise adequate money to fund a cataract operation for each member of the Bank to a US $ 40 million planetary community enterprise.I wrote to Standard Chartered Bank ( SCB ) inquiring them why they decided to spouse with Aravind and LVPEI. LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, every bit good as Aravind Eye Hospital are premier oculus attention institutes in the state. India has a huge geographic spread and both these establishments work in different geographic zones of the state. LVPEI is expectant in the south-eastern provinces of the state while Aravind is outstanding in the southern provinces of India, said Pratima Harite, Manager ( Sustainability ) , Corporate Affairs- India in her electronic mail response to my questions. The dominion posterior the India Consortium Project is the vision Centre concept that a important proportion of oculus jobs corrected or detected at the primary attention degree has significant nest eggs to the person and to the communities . Based on the success of LVPEI s fantasy Centre theoretical account, the India Consortium Project proposed scaling up the development of Vision Centres in a coordinated affair in six provinces across the state. For this, LVPEI desire-after(a) support from four key implementing spouses Prime Minister oculus attention establishments themselves across the state, added Ms. Harite. Singapore s Temasek Foundation ( TF ) part-funds SiB activities in India, in particular in capacity edifice i.e. in heightening the preparation constituent of the SiB programme.Is this a feasible concern theoretical account?Aravind has amend the theoretical account over the last three decennaries. They have the engineering, behind the picture audience, in topographic point a low-priced wireless long-distance web ( WiLDNet ) put together by the Technology and basis for Emerging Regions ( TIER ) research group at the University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. 10 This was do to get the bet ter of the issue of zero internet connectivity or slow up connexions that do non back up picture audiences in distant small towns ( Laks, 2009 ) .In 2004, a nomadic new wave with satellite connectivity was introduced to ease Tele-Consultations. The Indian Space Research Organisation s ( ISRO ) 11 aid was sought to this extent. The vision Centres can easy pass on with the base infirmary ( some 30 to 40 kilometers. ) via orbiter. These vision Centres efficaciously address the issue of handiness, affordability and handiness of quality Eye Care. A series of Centres were started across the Tamil Nadu province. Each base infirmary is connected with a group of vision Centres. At present, we have 10 vision Centres that operate on WiFi. The remainder tally on BSNL 12 broadband connexions, Mr Sundaram said.Aravind has the bringing system in topographic point. A sound apprehension of the local civilization that in many instances is antipathetic to western medical specialty and where cont emporary medical specialty is non the first and lone option to handle any disease or complaint. Why would a villager trust a physician who drives down one all right forenoon and says he would wish to run upon them? Aravind Begins by naming a voluntary group for each community some of these voluntaries are farther trained to function as ophthalmic helpers and even as nurses in Aravind s infirmaries. In a rural scene, rural common people trust their friends, neighbours, and their ain people foremost. It is about making ownership to the job, like Mr. Sundaram said, and so partnering with the community to work out the job.Aravind s fiscal consequences for the twelvemonth 2008-09 were healthy. It raked in ( income ) US $ 22 million and fagged ( outgo and depreciation ) US $ 13 million. 13 DiscussionThat Aravind and other NGOs working in a similar way, like LVPEI for case, utilize the Culture-Centered Approach, as elaborate by Dutta ( 2008 ) , in presenting quality oculus attention to r ural India is rather clear. Aravind, in peculiar, has successfully integrated the CCA with the Technology-Communication-Management ( TCM ) theoretical account, as elaborated by Lee &038 A Chib ( 2008 ) to make a sustainable theoretical account for Eye Care bringing. Accessibility and affordability are the cardinal factors in such health care theoretical accounts. In taking this path, one has to guarantee that the engineerings chosen for the occupation are cost-efficient and easy to implement because capital outgo and operational outgo do play a critical function in finding the cost of health care services. Aravind has been able to maintain the cost of Eye Care bringing gigantic low systematically for many old ages now.Critics argue that organisations like Aravind are feeding-off their theoretical account. At this point, it is of import to understand the ground-realities. In India, the divide between the urban haves , and the rural have-nots is merely acquiring wider with each go throughing twelvemonth. Harmonizing to UN projections released 2008, India would modify at a much slower rate than China and have, by 2050, 45 % of its population still populating in rural countries ( Lederer, 2008 ) . The Government in India is non making plenty to turn to the overplus of wellness issues that plague the assorted parts and communities in the state. The flagship strategy to better health care services in rural India, the National Rural Health Mission &8212 launched in 2005 as a seven-year programme &8212 has many of its ends yet to be achieved, and the authorities is now sing widening it to 2015, harmonizing to recent media studies. Despite many a authorities claims and many a authorities schemes several small towns in provinces across India continue to depend on the private sector for quality health care or in this instance Eye Care. Give this state of affairs, Aravind and LVPEI s work in the way of supplying low-priced Eye Care and free oculus surgeries to five out of every 10 patients they examine is a applaudable effort. A 2nd inquiry raised in this survey is, what is the function of the health care supplier in this instance disseminate cognition to the grass-roots or live-off their health care bringing theoretical account? Aravind is making its portion in circulate cognition to the grass-roots. Most ophthalmic helpers who adult male the vision centres are community members trained by Aravind. But one has to understand that the act of cognition airing in a distant rural scene has its challenges i.e. undertaking illiteracy, basic consciousness among others and these challenges can non be addressed in merely a few old ages.The India Consortium Project, sponsored by SCB and Temasek Foundation, set a mark to put up 40 vision Centres by 2010. So far, 32 vision Centres are operational and the staying will be operational this twelvemonth, harmonizing to Ms. Harite.On the impudent side, a survey by Murthy et Al. ( 2008 ) argues that t he ends of the Vision 2020 the right to spy inaugural to extinguish Cataract sightlessness in India by the twelvemonth 2020 may non be achieved. But this should non discourage those working in this way. Both the populace and the private sector must go on to contend Cataract Blindness because that is the lone manner to undertake the job at manus. Last but non the least, this survey recommends that NGOs runing in the health care infinite expression at both the CCA and the TCM theoretical account to guarantee better service bringing.

Computerised quotation system Essay

The task that I am going to yield a solution for is to produce a computerised quotation extinctline for S & shell A S Insurances.EXISTING corpsedoubting doubting Thomas Davidson is presently a broker providing policy policy for gondolas. At present he in confident(predicate)s done a financial institution, S & vitamin A S Finances. He is a broker roleplaying for the indemnity federation S & S Insurances. He has encountered with many indemnification companies in the prehistorical trying to point out the best mickle so that he shadow earn a good amount of profit. He last-placely made a deal with S & S Insurances in which he cigaret infer a good amount of commission. His job is to find nodes who would like to bargain insurance for their cars and he gains a commission of 7.5% for each customer to whom he sells a quotation mark.He started his c arer as a broker round three years ago after being made otiose as a factory worker assembling car parts. He has n o employees working for him at the arcminute. hitherto his wife helps him with the paperwork when she outhouse. Thomas whole works full- time from his home study, which is located in the heart of Streatham.In the past Thomas has had a lot of hold out dealing with customers and clients. He in a flash has a outlet of devoted customers who frequently clear up him when the renewal for their car insurance is due. Thomas usu altogethery interacts with his customers over the phone from his study sometimes til now he does conduct business at the home of his customer to their convenience.When Thomas finds an interested client he firstly explains to the client everything that is caperatic in the mention. In as accepted for Thomas to calculate the insurance repeat, he mappings a calculator, a record of t adequates with the insurance ratings go outd by S & S Insurances and his diary where he nones both the information bulge.The insurance ratings hand over a contrastive novelty of things the first tcapable is the insurance group, which assigns the base cost for a car dep determinationing on the cars crap, toll and power. The more than expensive and powerful the car, higher the basic cost. Thomas thusly adjusts the basic cost by multiplying it by various factors, which could affect the insurance. old age is overly a factor, the older the driver is, the less they are considered as a hazard. Sex is in addition a factor a young-bearing(prenominal) is considered as a less of a risk of exposure than males. The area you jazz in is overly a criterion which Thomas considers forward take an insurance quote, if you live in a high risk dainty area you are likely to pay more.The customer can and so choose what eccentric person of insurance he would like third troupe altogether, third party fire and theft or fully comprehensive. The insurance also offers an extra driver criterion, which can be added at an add-on cost. Thomas then offers a discount to the customers if they have had no claims vary from the past year or five years. Thomas then calculates the quote by multiplying the basic cost with all the factor multipliers and seeing if they can get a discount and then giving the customer the final result. Thomas writes all of the things discussed and quotations in his diary.If the client agrees to go ahead with the quote after hearing the final cost, Thomas drives a word- processed quote, which he then sends to S & S Insurances. From there S & S Insurances arrest the actual policy and then send it directly to the customer.Thomas does possess a computer and laptop at home, which his children intention for educational purposes. Thomas has very little knowledge just about victimization computers, however to produce the insurance quotes which are word-processed his daughter helps him and recently Thomas has started to produce the quotes by himself since he is gradually learning to practice a computer, even th ough he is slow with the typing. Thomas bump offs hand-written notes about all his clients, their dilate and policies, which is time consuming and can get tiring and leaden despite having a computer due to his lack of computer skills. furthermore sometimes Thomas wife also helps him with the paperwork, if there are alike many customers wishing to have a quote ready.Thomas says that most(prenominal) of his customers find out about his business by word of mouth or from the consequence of the advert he has placed in the topical anaesthetic newspaper, if he could he would also like to attract more customers to increase the standard of his living.Thomas Davidson finds the existing manual way he issues quotes extensive and exhausting and would like to automate the arranging. He would also prefer to own more use of his laptop, however his lack of computer skills is a problem and therefore would like to be able to issue quotes on a simple and straightforward brass. He would also like to automate the formation so that it would be much faster to issue quotes and therefore would not have to spend too much time doing things manually. At the moment he hardly gets anytime to spend with his children especially when there is a fleshy workload. Thomas feels that if he were able to get the governance to be computerised he would like to employ some staff and expand and preferably displacement reaction into an office. He would also like to work with more than one insurance company at the same time if possible in the closely future.CONSTRAINTSThere are not many constraints however there are a few which are important. My drug drug substance abuser Thomas Davidson has no experience of apply a computer except for possessing basic typing skills. This mode the remains go forth have to be informal and simple to use and understand.An early(a) constraint is time, although my user does not want the strategy to be made immediately or as soon as possible. merely he w ould like the computerised system to be created soon so that he can use it and update all his handwritten manual notes onto the system and be able to use it with future clients.USER REQUIREMENTSMy user is Thomas Davidson, who is a broker for S & S Insurances for whom I go away be creating a computerised quotation system. He would like the following requirements to be taken into account.* To be able to see the radical cost of the insurance quote.* To be able to see the total cost of the insurance quote before a discount is given.* To be able to print the quotation.* To exculpate sure that system is unassailable and secure.* To be able to see the elaborate of all the customers such as forename, surname, age, and the character reference of insurance they would like.* To be able to monetary fund the issued quotes so that they can be utilize at a subsequent date.* To change phone enquiries to be dealt much quickly.* To make the system user- friendly.* To make sure the info entered is accurate.* To make the system look professional, self-opinionated and nonionised.QUANTITATIVE OBJECTIVES* To use a formula to work out the total cost of the insurance quote.* To use separate formula to work out the cost of the quote excluding the discount.* To be able to print multiple copies of the quotes.* To make the system password protected so a password leave behind be fatalityed in effectuate to enter the system.* To make sure the exposit about the customers names, surnames, addresses, age and opposite dilate can be seen.* To be able to use a command solelyton so entropy can be stored.* To use drop down boxwoodes to be able to select options.QUALITATIVE OBJECTIVES* To make the system user- friendly I volition create a user porthole so that it is easy to move around the system.* To make the system look professional and organised. slaying CRITERIAS* The system should be able to use a formula in society to work out the total cost of the insurance quote.* The system should be able to use a calculation in ensnare to work out the cost of the insurance excluding the discount.* The system should be able to print multiple copies of the insurance quotation.* The system should be password enable, so a password pull up stakes be hireed in order to access the system to make sure the system is safe.* The system should collection all the details about the customers such as names, surnames, addresses and opposite details.* The system should be able to store the issued quotes so that they can be used at a later date.* The system should have drop down boxes so the user can select options quickly and easily.NEW SYSTEMHARDWAREIn order to computerise the quotation system I leave pauperisation a Windows XP computer. I impart also consume a QWERTY keyboard and a mouse in order to input the info into the spreadsheet. I impart be victimisation the hard drive to merely the spreadsheet on an internal storage. I will also be salvage the sprea dsheet on an external storage such as CR-RW so that I have a back- up copy of the data in look the original copy is deleted I will still have another copy. I will also be apply a visual display unit (visual display unit) to see the spreadsheet. I will also be utilize a printer to print out the quotes so that the user can see them and then send them to S & S Insurances. package programIn order to produce the car insurance quotation system I will be use spreadsheet software for many reasons. In a spreadsheet I can use many of the features which will enable me to produce an efficient quotation system. I can use macros, identify boxes, combo boxes, V Lookup, IF statements and other features in the system.There is other software such as a word- processor or a database but they are not suitable for this quotation system. Although you can make tables and do basic calculations they are only limited as they are not mainly designed for that purpose.I will be using Microsoft leap out 2003 as I do not have any other spreadsheet software available on my computer. I will also use it as I am more familiar with it as I have used it many times in the past.SECURITYI will subscribe to make sure the spreadsheet I create will be kept safe and secure. I will need to make sure the data is secure as I will need to follow the Data Protection Act 1998. In order to assent with the law I will keep the data safe by having cell protection so if anyone other than me or the user accesses the data he will need to enter the password in order to alter the information. I will also keep a backup copy of the system so if the user loses the original copy he will still have another backup copy.INPUT, PROCESSES AND OUTPUT introduceI will input all the data required using a keyboard into the spreadsheet. The input data I will need in order to produce the quotation system are all the customer details and the headings.I will require the following specific data about the customers forename, surname, address, sex, model and make of the car.I will also need the age of the driver, which will be in a grouped scheme e.g. 17- 19 or 60- 65.The type of insurance the driver wants will also be required whether it is, fully comprehensive, third party only or third party fire and theft. I will abbreviate the type of insurance to make it shorter so it would be much quicker to type and also easier.I will also need to know what type of area the driver lives in, as this could be a risk factor, low, strength or high.I will also need to know if the driver would like to state an extra driver or not. I will also need to know the make sense of claims the driver has made in the past 4 years and whether he is eligible for a discount.The other details I will need to know is about the insurance and which rating the cars are allocated according to their power and cost. I will also need to know about the multipliers so that I can work what I need to multiple the costs, these will be allocated to the sex, age of driver, risk of area and insurance and type.The final detail I will need to know are the number of penalty points the customer has, as having more conviction point will increase the cost of the insurance quote.ProcessesIn order to create the quotation system I will need to draw out a number of processes with the input data in order to produce the sidetrack.The fixed data will be the data that I will not change on the spreadsheet such as the main headings e.g. forename, surname, address. The variable data will be the data that will change. The data that will need to be changed are all the details about the customer and his car.In order to meet the following user requirements I will carry out a number of processes* To be able to see the total cost of the insurance quote and to be able to see the total cost of the insurance quote before a discount is given.I will be using a formula to calculate the total costs of the quote and also to work out the cost excluding the discount. I will be using a simple Auto sum calculation in order to do this. In order to work out the total cost I will need to use a V Lookup formula. A V Lookup searches for a value in the leftmost column of a table, and then returns a value in the same rows from a column you specify in the table. I will be using a V Lookup formula since I will having different things on different sheets it will need to lookup the values in other cells.* To be able to print the quotation.In order to do this the user can use the menu options on the toolbar however to make it easier for the user I will have a macro.* To make sure that system is safe and secure.In order to keep the data safe I will be using cell protection. I will be keeping a password so when someone accesses the deposit he will be prompted to enter the password. If the password entered is correct he will gain access and be able to change the data. However if an incorrect password is entered an error message will appear infor m the user he cannot gain access.* To be able to see the details of all the customers such as forename, surname, age, and the type of insurance they would like.In order to do this I will have a sheet where the details about the customer can be seen.* To be able to store the issued quotes so that they can be used at a later date.In order to do this I will be using macros. Macro is a feature that stores a series of commands so that the user can use them with a single command. I will be using macros for various things such as printing the quote, storing the quotes, to view the quotes and other tasks.* To enable phone enquiries to be dealt much quickly.In order to fulfil this requirement I will be using a variety of buttons to make it easier for the user. Option buttons are used for choosing one item from a list of options, where you can select one option button at a time. I will be using them so the user can select the sex of the driver, either male or female. jazz group boxes can also be called drop- down boxes, which offer a number of choices to the user, one of which maybe selected. I will be using a combo box so that my user can select the drivers car. By selecting on the drop- down cursor will provide the models of the cars. A list box and combo boxes are alike however a list box shows the choices available without having to click on the arrow.I will be using a list box for the risk assessment of the area and type of insurance, as there are only three options from which the user can select. A break out box is a box, which can either be selected or unselected, when you click on the box a tick appears in the box. I will be using a check box for the declaration of the extra driver. A thread maker is made up of two arrows, one point up and the other down. By clicking on the up arrow increases the value and the down arrow decreases the value. I will be using the spinner to choose the number of years the driver has made no claims. I will also be using IF stateme nts in order to see the values of the check box which will check whether the customer would like an extra driver.* To make the system user- friendly.In order to make the printed quote professional and organised I will be adding the name of the company, address, telephone numbers and the company logo at the top. I will also arrange all the information into sections and add colour to make it look more attractive. I will create the macros into buttons so the user can quickly carry the tasks. I will also add a front end to the system. A front end is the name given to the user-friendly interface that will appear on the screen when the file is loaded. It will provide the user with a number of options.Once the data has been entered I will need to rename the worksheets and insert a defined name for authorized data which will be used in calculations.OutputThe output will be the full quote details, which will be on the screen of the computer showing the customer name, address, car details, a nd the cost of the insurance and without the discount. The output on the screen will also show the macros, which can be used to navigate around the system.The other output will be the fully modified and professional printed quote that will show the company logo along with the companys address and contact numbers. It will also show the issue date, all the details about the quote and the expiry date of the quote.

Proprietary vs Contract Security Essay

Security M some(prenominal) types of auspices ar in existents to daylight, site or mobile patrol loss prevention functions special events credential in-house credentials functions and private investigations are some of the tasks. Choosing the right one for the needs of any organic law should be one of the ultimate goals of the business. This paper will localize on branded and squelch hostage in particular. A coincidence of the cardinal types of security will be addressed.Identifying some of the issues in each type of security is of great importance as well as understanding the discordant roles of security personnel. After briefly recognizing some of the advantages and disadvantages of branded versus contract security, a recommendation will be rendered on which type should be utilized for the world(prenominal) automobile shaper that I put one over been assigned as the security manager.Comparison branded security is controlled altogether by a particular confederacy and is responsible for the hiring, firing and way of personnel. Contract security is operated by a professional security company and contracts its services to several(predicate) companies. The status of proprietary security is considered higher than contract security, attracting a higher quality of security personnel and a greater expense in wages. The cost for contract security is becoming more prevalent because of the increased price tag or liability for companies.Although this is non true for all companies many directors of security fear that switching to a contract provider will mean they are of decreased think of to their company (Allied Barton, 2009). In contrast, security directors that outsource their security program very much find they no longer spend long day to day hours managing security officers. Instead, they are able to offer their skills in more swelled and visible areas of security and consulting and analysis (Allied Barton, 2009). Both types of security ma y include the same services with benefits yet, there are some advantages and disadvantages.Advantages and Disadvantages Proprietary security is still viewed as having many advantages than contract security. The consistency, best training for security personnel and specific needs offer the balance to identify different types of behaviors toward employees. Contract security was seen in the past as inadequate, untrained and not loyal today, there has been an increase in use of contract security vendors. The performance levels of private security vendors, high level of educated and go through security professionals have caused the cost factor to be a alternative consideration. While there are many other reasons for advantages and disadvantages in these two types of security, addressing the issues in choosing which is best for any particular business should be weighed. culture There are many be and benefits to be considered when choosing a proprietary or contract security. When decid ing on the type of security, be accepted to weigh the positives and negatives of the different types and which can be more beneficial to the business. apiece business will have its own personnel and facility knowledge. Proprietary security is more costly when replacing individuals. Contract security makes it easier to rase the internal pressures and provide services such as recruiting, training, supervision, security factors, uniforms, and the costs is lower than proprietary security. My recommendation as the security manager for the international automobile manufacturer is to utilize the contract security.Many types of security are in existents today choosing the right one for the needs of any establishment should be one of the ultimate goals of the business. The objective to focus on proprietary and contract security has been addressed and compared. This paper has identified some of the issues in one or the other type of security and elaborated on the significant importance as well as understanding the various roles of security personnel. After briefly recognizing some of the advantages and disadvantages of proprietary versus contract security, a recommendation has been rendered to utilize contract security for the international automobile manufacturer that I have been assigned as the security manager.

Greek Mythology Research Paper Essay

Do you know any historical background on the cry monstrosity? classical and papistical mythology is present all around us. numerous new and interesting formulates were created from the Greeks. There be many types of myths that we gather up about including gods, goddesses, mythical heroes, other heroes, monsters, and villains. When go outing up these myths, research go forth show that many of the war crys we say today come from these gods and goddesses. An standard of this is the course gigantic and gigantism comes from lusus naturae.The word teras has a long, unique, and sable background. According to dictionary. com, Giant is actually spacious abnormally great phylogeny in size. (dictionary. com) Prior to my search, I predicted that a lusus naturae was a very large man that lived in the forest and had no connection with every gigantic nor gigantism. I inferred this beca habituate of movies and books. When I saw the word gigantic I remember hearing it and I thoug ht it meant a large person, only when I had no idea it was related to Greek or Roman mythology.Gigantism puzzled me beca recitation Ive never heard it before. As I came across the definition of gigantic, I found out that it meant very large which connects to giant and gigantism. (dictionary. com) upon conducting research, I listened more about the root word giant, coming across cultivation about its etymology and actual story back tooth it. Perrizo 2 Giants roots go all the demeanor back before gods or even mercifuls existed. The etymology relates back to Greek mythology the giants were the children of Uranus and Gaea.They were involved in a conflict with the Olympian gods called the Gigantomachy, which was eventually colonized when the hero Heracles decided to help the Olympians. The Greeks believed some giants lay buried from that quantify under the earth and that they resulted in earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Many stories have been make unnecessary about giants in lots of cultures. In Norse mythology, the giants argon the billet of most of various monsters, and in the eventual battle of Ragnarok the giants will combat Asgard and defeat them in war.The gods themselves were related to the giants by many marriages, and there are giants such as ? gir, Loki, Mimir and Ska? i, who have little contrast in condition to them. In Bulgarian mythology, giants called ispolini inhabited the Earth before modern humans. They lived in the mountains, fed on raw meat and often fought against dragons. Ispolini were afraid of blackberries which constitute a danger of tripping and dying, so they offered sacrifices to that plant. Giants stand for the Basque people non willing to convert to Christianity who decides to stick to the old life style and customs duty in the forest.Sometimes they hold the secret of ancient techniques and wisdom extraterrestrial being to the Christians, like in the legend of San Martin Txiki, while their most outstanding feature a rticle is their strength. It follows that in many legends all over the Basque territory the giants are held responsible for the creation of many st hotshot formations, hills and old structures, with similar explanations provided in different spots. There are many similarities and differences in the oral communication giant, gigantic, and gigantism. Gigantic is monolithic very large, tall, or bulky.Giant is a very tall conceptional creature in fairy tales and legends, an imaginary being who resembles a human but is much taller, larger, and stronger. Perrizo 3 Gigantism is the quality of being giant the quality or condition of being much taller, larger, or stronger than is usual. These triplet definitions are similar to each other because all of them have to do with being large. Today these words are all used to chance upon how tall, strong, or big someone is. All of these words also destiny the same Greek, Roman, and other pedigrees. These he creatures.This particular word h as a very long and precise background, whereas gigantic and gigantism have a fiddling and not nurtureal background. Not only is the word giant relevant in todays world, famous playwright William Shakespeare alludes to the word in one of his plays. In Shakespeares play much ado about nothing, Claudio uses the word giant in act 1 scene 3. He is thence a giant to an ape but then is an ape a doctor to such a man. (line 2276) Shakespeare uses the monsters name as an illusion to embellish the comparison between a giant, an ape, and man.Perhaps Shakespeare wanted to show the difference between stupid and so-called smart. Giant is being used to instance that a giant and an ape are two unintelligent creatures. forth from Shakespeares use of the word, giant is used in the following plagiarize from measure for measure. O, I do fear thee, Claudio and I quake, lest thou a fevorous life shouldest entertain, and six or seven winters more respect than a perpetual honor. Darest thou die? The s ense of death is most apprehensiveness and the poor beetle that we tread upon, in corpual sufferance finds a bunco game as great as when a giant dies. (isabell). The word giant is used in reference to emphasize the greatness of a giant dieing with Claudio dying. perrizo 4 Whether giant is used in Shakespeare or other forms of literature, the words etymology seems to be prevalent in todays world. The word Is regularly used today, ranging from a gas company, to a disability center. The general nitty-gritty of giant hasnt changed over time, but only people who are educated about the word know its true mythical meaning. For typesetters case gigantism organization is an organization for the tallest people in the world.I did not find a relevant industry on website on giant or gigantic. When writing this paper, I learned a plethora of information about the word giant, and its ethnic background. Not only did I learn about this interesting monster, I gained experience on learning how to esteem reliable sources and search the web cautiously. This essay taught me that the majority of the words we use today have an origins that dates back to Roman and Greek times. Giant originated the words gigantic and gigantism, and I found a great deal of information that connected giant to both of the other words.Furthermore, locating the information indispensable to complete the project was easy and fast, but then I began to write my report, I had to think about where to start and how to organize the information I had into a cohesive essay. Finally,, I learned that people can misapprehend the meanings of words easily if they do not understand or use the words correctly. All people need to develop their communication skills and look up unfamiliar words or inquire about the origin of words so they learn about the awe-inspiring history of our amazing language. Perrizo 5 Works cited et, al.http//dictionary. reference. com/browse/giant. N. p. , 6 2012. Web. 6 Nov 2012. burton, ro bert. http//www. bartleby. com/100/151. 5. html. N. p.. Web. 11/6/2012. encyclopedia britannica online . http//www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/232937/giant. encyclopedia Britannihjca, 24 2012. Web. 7 Nov 2012. Lindemans, Micha F.. giant. http//www. pantheon. org/articles/g/giant. html. N. p. , 03 1997. Web. feb 24 2004. shakespeare. merchant of venice. http//www. opensourceshakespeare. org/concordance/o/? i=768422&pleasewait=1&msg=sr. university 2012. Web. 2007-2012.